Modification Method For Improving The Degradability Of SAP Powder

SAP powder is a functional polymer material that is widely used at present. How to reduce the pollution to the ecological environment caused by its water swelling has become one of the research hotspots of scholars at home and abroad. In this paper, several modification methods to improve the degradability of SAP powder are introduced, in order to provide reference for related research.

1. Introduce biodegradable chemical bonds to SAP powder

When there are no heteroatoms in the C-C main chain structure of the polymer, the polymer has a high resistance to degradation; Bailey WJ et al. proposed to use ketene acetal and acrylic acid for copolymerization to generate a polyacrylic acid that can be used as a detergent builder. Salt. In the process of synthesis, the ketene diethyl acetal undergoes rearrangement reaction and then introduces an ester bond, which can destroy the backbone of the polymer through a hydrolysis reaction, thereby achieving the purpose of accelerating the degradation of the water-absorbent resin.

2. Preparation of natural polymer modified SAP powder

Most natural polymers are degradable materials, which can provide a high concentration of active microorganisms and a suitable environment. Therefore, the degradable water-absorbent resin can be prepared using natural polymers and acrylic acid and its salts as raw materials. Chemelir et al. grafted and modified natural polysaccharides (such as cellulose) or polyvinyl alcohol to prepare water-absorbent resins. In the later stage of the reaction, polysaccharide compounds are added to the gel, and the bonding between polysaccharides and polyelectrolytes can be reinforced by adding free radical initiators to obtain resins with better water absorption and degradability.

Natural macromolecular proteins can be hydrolyzed by enzymes such as endonucleases and exonucleases through hydrolysis reactions. Most of these processes have unique substrate specificities, and microbially produced enzyme substrates are even more unique. In addition, in the process of cross-linking and in-situ graft polymerization, nitrogen gas is not required, and the peeling starch-grafted acrylamide super absorbent material can be prepared.

3. Preparation of microbial synthetic SAP powder

Most microorganisms have the ability to degrade organisms. Scientific researchers have obtained biologically superabsorbent and degradable materials with water absorption and water retention functions by using microbial research, and studied their own water retention. Compared with other water-absorbing materials, its water-absorbing performance is poor, so the super-water-absorbing biodegradable material obtained by using microorganisms does not absorb much water. If this is further modified and optimized, this may become a potential development direction of water-absorbent resins.

Realizing the recycling of SAP powder, reducing the damage to the environment, and achieving the interdependence between the polymer and the environment are the huge challenges facing the development of polymer materials. The degradable properties of SAP powder can be improved according to the different requirements of their respective application fields, so as to achieve the maximum utilization of the combination of polymers and the environment.